optimal recloser placement by binary differential evolutionary algorithm to improve reliability of distribution system

in this context, a novel structure has been proposed for simple differential evolutionary (de) algorithm to solve optimal recloser placement. for this, an operator is added to de algorithm to adapt concept of the problem. other contribution of this work is formulating a novel objective function. the proposed objective function has been formulated to improve four reliability indices which consists of four terms; i.e. system average interruption duration index (saifi), cost of energy not supplied (cens), average interruption frequency index (maifi) and system average interruption frequency index (saifi).  simulation has been performed in 37 bus test system and the results of the proposed technique compared the related results of pso algorithm.